Overview

'From monarchy to modernism'


Austria, at the geographical heart of Europe, is renowned for its ski resorts set on spectacular mountains, overlooking crystal-clear lakes and voluptuously green valleys. Throughout the country are glorious architectural reminders of the once-powerful Hapsburgs, who dominated central Europe for seven centuries.

Nowhere is the legacy more evident than in the capital, Vienna, with its ornate Opera House and the former imperial residence of the Hofburg. Austria’s other cities are similarly infused with a historical magic, notably Salzburg, the birthplace of Mozart, with stunning Baroque churches set before a backdrop of snow-covered peaks, and Innsbruck, in the centre of the Austrian Alps.

But Austria is also a hothouse of striking contemporary architecture, reflecting a modern country at the forefront of engineering, invention and design, and whose modern, efficient social system ensures a high quality of living for most of its residents.

Austria has a justifiable reputation for music, literature and the arts, but also boasts a gourmet culture. The legendary Gemütlichkeit – a laid-back enjoyment of life – is in evidence in the cafés, where the art of coffee-drinking has been raised to a high art, and the many Heurigen, where the latest vintages are accompanied by vast quantities of food. Nightlife is versatile, offering laid-back taverns, beer gardens and excellent après-ski, as well as trendy clubs and dance venues packed to the small hours.

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General

Area: 83,858 sq km (32,378 sq miles).
Population: 8,078,449 (1998).
Population Density: 96.2 per sq km.
Capital: Vienna (Wien). Population: 1,606,843 (1998).

Geography: Austria is a landlocked country, bordered by Switzerland, Liechtenstein, Germany, the Czech Republic, the Slovak Republic, Hungary, Slovenia and Italy. It is a mountainous country, nearly half of which is covered with forests. Austria’s nine Federal Provinces form a political entity, but reflect a diversity of landscapes falling into five sections: the Eastern Alps (62.8%), the Alpine and Carpathian Foothills (11.3%), the Pannonian Lowlands (11.3%), the Vienna Basin (4.4%) and the Granite and Gneiss Highlands or Bohemian Massif (10.1%). Austria’s highest mountain is Grossglockner (3798m/12,465ft). On its way from the Black Forest in southern Germany to the Black Sea, the River Danube flows approximately 360km (220 miles) through Austria. The vegetation changes according to the climate: the lower regions are densely wooded, with fir predominating above 1600ft and giving way to larch and stone-pine beyond 4000ft; the Alpine foothills consist predominantly of arable land and grassland (above 2000ft). The Pannonian region is characterised by scrub and heathland.

Government: Federal Republic. Head of State: President Thomas Klestil since 1992. Head of Government: Chancellor Wolfgang Schüssel since 2000.

Language: German is the official language. Regional dialects are pronounced and within the different regions of the country one will encounter marked variations from Hochdeutsch, ie ‘standard’ German. There are Croatian and Slovene-speaking minorities in the Burgenland and southern Carinthia respectively.

Religion: 78% Roman Catholic, 5% Protestant, 4.5% other denominations.

Time: GMT + 1 (GMT + 2 from last Sunday in March to Saturday before last Sunday in October).

Electricity: 220 volts AC, 50Hz. Round 2-pin European plugs are standard.

Communications:  

Telephone: Full IDD facilities available. Country code: 43. Outgoing international code: 00. Call boxes are grey and found in all areas. International calls can be made from payphones with four coin slots. Trunk calls within Austria and to 40 countries are cheaper 2000-0800 Monday to Friday and approximately 35% cheaper at the weekend (from 2000 Friday to 0800 Monday).

Mobile telephone: Single and dual band. Roaming agreements in operation.

Internet/E-mail: There are many cybercafés. ISPs include Nextra (web site: http://www.nextra.at).

Telegram: Facilities are available from any post office.


Post: Letters up to 20g and postcards within Europe are sent by airmail. Letters within Europe take two to four days, and to the USA four to six days. Stamps may be purchased in post offices or tobacco shops. Postcards and letters within Austria and Europe cost ASch7. Post boxes are yellow or orange. A Poste Restante service is available at most post offices. Address mail to ‘Postlagernd’ (‘Hauptpostlagernd’ if a main post office), followed by the person’s name, town, and post code. Post office hours: generally 0800-1200 and 1400-1700/1800 Monday to Friday, but main post offices and those at major railway stations are open for 24 hours, seven days a week, including public holidays.

Press: Newspapers are in German. The Wiener Zeitung, established in 1703, is the oldest newspaper in the world. The national daily with the largest circulation is the Neue Kronen-Zeitung, followed by Kurier and Der Standard. English-language newspapers and magazines are also widely available, particularly in the big cities and tourist resorts.

Passport/Visa

Note: Austria is a signatory to the 1995 Schengen Agreement. For further details about passport/visa regulations within the Schengen area see the introductory section How to Use this Guide.

PASSPORTS: Valid passport required by all except 1. nationals of EU countries, Liechtenstein, Malta, Monaco, San Marino and Switzerland who may enter with a valid national ID card.

VISAS: Required by all except the following:
(a) nationals of EU countries and nationals of Liechtenstein, Norway, Iceland and Switzerland for an unlimited period;
(b) 1. nationals of Andorra, Argentina, Australia, Bolivia, Brazil, Brunei Darusalaam, Bulgaria, Canada, Chile, Costa Rica, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Ecuador, El Salvador, Estonia, Guatemala, Honduras, Hong Kong (SAR), Hungary, Israel, Korea (Rep. of), Latvia, Lithuania, Macau, Malaysia, Malta, Mexico, Monaco, New Zealand, Nicaragua, Paraguay, Poland, San Marino, Singapore, Slovak Republic, Slovenia, Uruguay, USA and Venezuela for stays of up to 3 months;
(c) 2. nationals of Japan for a period of up to 6 months;
(d) transit passengers continuing their journey by the same or first connecting aircraft provided holding valid onward or return documentation and not leaving the airport.

Note: Some nationals passing through Austria always require a transit visa, even when not leaving the airport. Transit passengers are advised to check transit regulations with the relevant Embassy or Consulate before travelling.

Types of visa and cost: A uniform type of visa, the Schengen visa, is issued for tourist, business and private visits. Short-stay: £15.50 for 1-30 days and £18.60 for 31-90 days (single-entry); £21.70 (double- or multiple- entry); Transit: £6.20 (single- and multiple-entry); Airport Transit: £6.20.

Note: (a) Prices change with the prevalent exchange rate, so visitors are advised to check the exact price before applying. (b) Spouses and children of EU nationals (providing spouse’s passport and the original marriage certificate are produced), and nationals of some other countries, receive their visas free of charge (enquire at Embassy for details).

Validity: Validity according to documents presented. Visas cannot be extended; a new application must be made each time.


Application to: Consulate (or Consular section at Embassy); see address section. Travellers visiting just one Schengen country should apply to the Consulate of that country; travellers visiting more than one Schengen country should apply to the Consulate of the country chosen as the main destination or the country they will enter first (if they have no main destination).

Application requirements: (a) Completed application form(s). (b) Passport valid for at least 3 months beyond the validity of the visa. (c) Fee (cash or postal order only); cheques, except certified bankers drafts, are not accepted. (d) 2 passport photographs. (e) For transit passengers, the visa from the destination country must be obtained first. (f) Proof of intention to return to home country. (Applicants may submit return ticket or vehicle papers if returning by car.) (g) Proof of occupation/student status. (h) *Proof of sufficient financial means to fund stay in Austria. Applicants may submit travellers cheques, a confirmed hotel booking, bank statements or records from a similar financial institution. (i) *An all-risk medical insurance policy covering duration of visa. (j) Postal applicants should enclose a self-addressed, prepaid envelope (registered or recorded delivery) for the return of the passport.

Note*: The requirements (h) and (i) do not apply to those visiting Austria on business, to attend a conference, or for a sporting or cultural event, providing they are able to present either: (a) An invitation from an Austrian institution or Austrian-based company declaring a willingness to guarantee to cover all financial costs of the applicant whilst in Austria. (b) A letter from the applicant’s UK-based employer, company or organisation, guaranteeing to cover all the applicant's finanicial costs whilst they are in Austria.

Working days required: Visa applications are usually dealt with within 2 working days. The processing of certain applications (including postal) may take up to 4 weeks. A self-addressed envelope (preferably registered or recorded delivery) is required for postal applications.

Temporary residence: Seek advice from the Austrian Embassy.



Money

Currency: Austrian Schilling (ASch) = 100 groschen. Bank notes are in denominations of ASch5000, 1000, 500, 100, 50 and 20. Coins are in denominations of ASch20, 10, 5 and 1, 50 and 10 groschen.

Single European currency (Euro): The Euro is now the official currency of 12 EU member states (including Austria), although it is currently only used as ‘written money’ (cheques, bank transactions, credit cards, etc). The first Euro coins and notes will be introduced in January 2002; the Austrian Schilling will still be in circulation until February 28 2002, when it will be completely replaced by the Euro. 1 Euro = ASch13.7603.

Currency exchange: Foreign currencies and travellers cheques are exchanged at all banks, savings banks and exchange counters at airports and railway stations at the official exchange rates.

Credit & debit cards: Most major credit cards and Eurocheque cards are accepted in large cities and tourist areas. However, credit cards are less widely accepted in Austria than they are in the USA or the UK and some smaller hotels may require bills to be paid in cash.

Travellers cheques: These are widely accepted. To avoid additional exchange rate charges, travellers are advised to take travellers cheques in a major currency (Euros, US Dollars, Pounds Sterling).


Currency restrictions: No restrictions except for export of more than ASch100,000 in Austrian currency, for which a permit is required.

Banking hours: Banks in Vienna are open 0800-1230 and 1330-1500 Monday-Wednesday and Friday and 0800-1230 and 1330-1730 Thursday (head offices do not close for lunch). Different opening hours may be kept in the various Federal Provinces. The exchange counters at airports and at railway stations are generally open from the first to the last flight or train, which usually means 0800-2200 including weekends.


Duty Free

The following goods can be taken into Austria without incurring customs duty by travellers over 17 years arriving from countries outside the EU:
200 cigarettes or 100 cigarillos or 50 cigars or 250g tobacco; 1 litre of spirits over 22% or 2 litres of fortified wine or spirits up to 22% or 2 litres of sparkling wine or liqueur and 2 litres of still wine; 1 bottle of eau de cologne (up to 250ml); 60ml of perfume; other goods of up to ASch400.

Abolition of duty-free goods within the EU: On June 30 1999, the sale of duty-free alcohol and tobacco at airports and at sea was abolished in all 15 EU member states. Although there are now no limits imposed on importing tobacco and alcohol products from one EU country to another, (with the exceptions of Denmark, Finland and Sweden, where limits are imposed), travellers should note that they may be required to prove at customs that the goods purchased are for personal use only.


Health

1: Milk is pasteurised and dairy products are safe for consumption. Local meat, poultry, seafood, fruit and vegetables are generally considered safe to eat.
Rabies is present in Austria, although there have been no incidents reported in recent years. For those at high risk, vaccination before arrival should be considered. If you are bitten seek medical advice without delay. For more information consult the Health appendix.
Ticks often live in heavily afforested areas during the summer months in some of the more easterly parts of Austria and can create discomfort and, in very rare cases, serious infection to people who are bitten. Immunisation against tick-borne encephalitis is available and travellers likely to find themselves in these wooded areas should take a course of injections. The immunisation consists either of three different shots, which should be injected one year before leaving their country of origin, or of an injection after a tick bite, which is available from every doctor in Austria. For more information contact Baxter Healthcare Limited, Wallingford Road, Compton, nr Newbury, Berks RG20 7QW (tel: (01635) 206 046; fax: (01635) 206 126).

Health care: For UK nationals on a temporary visit to Austria, an E111 is not required – production of a British passport is sufficient to obtain medical treatment. For other EEA nationals (including Austrians), resident in the UK, an E111 is required. Visitors who are treated privately may receive a refund for part of the costs, up to the amount that would have been payable for public hospital treatment. Such refunds are available from Regional Health Insurance Offices (Gebietskrankenkassen) which also provide addresses of medical and dental practitioners. Referral to a public hospital will require an admission voucher issued by a doctor. In an emergency, UK nationals should show their passport to the hospital administration which will ascertain from the insurance office whether the costs of treatment will be met. The following emergency numbers are used: Police: 133; Ambulance: 144; Fire: 122.


Travel - International

AIR: Austria has three national airlines: Austrian Airlines (OS), Lauda Air (NG) and Tyrolean Airways (VO).

Approximate flight times: From Innsbruck to London to is 2 hours and from Salzburg is 1 hour 50 minutes. From Vienna to London is 2 hours 10 minutes, to Los Angeles is 15 hours, to New York is 9 hours, to Singapore is 14 hours and to Sydney is 25 hours.

Note: Airports have fixed charges for portering.

RAIL: Österreichische Bundesbahnen (ÖBB) (Austrian Federal Railways) operates a wide network of trains throughout and beyond Austria. International connections from Vienna include trains to Germany (Berlin), to the Russian Federation (Moscow, via Warsaw/Kiev and Minsk), to Romania (Bucharest, via Budapest), to Greece (Athens) or Turkey (Istanbul, via Belgrade) and to Italy (Venice, Milan or Rome). The most common routes are from Calais to Innsbruck (Arlberg Express), from Ostend to Salzburg (no direct service in winter on this route) and from Ostend to Vienna (Austria Nachtexpress). For further details contact Österreichische Bundesbahnen, Elisabethstraße 9, 1010 Wien (tel: (1) 58000; fax (1) 25000; e-mail: kontakt@kom.oebb.at; website: www.oebb.at).
Rail passes: Several international rail passes permitting unlimited travel in a number of European countries are valid in Austria. The Euro and Eurail passes are available to non-Eurporean residents and must be bought outside Europe. The Euro pass is valid for travel over practically the whole of the European rail network, while the Eurail pass has more limited validity The Inter-rail pass is available to European residents. Prices vary according to age, zones covered, time period, flexibility and class of travel. For more information, contact Rail Europe (tel: 09702) 848 848).

The channel tunnel: The quickest route by train from the UK is through the channel tunnel with connections from Brussels or Paris to Austria. Eurostar operates direct high-speed trains through the channel tunnel from London (Waterloo International) to Paris (Gare du Nord) and to Brussels (Midi/Zuid). From London to Paris, the journey time is 3 hours; from London to Brussels the journey time is 2 hours 40 minutes. From Brussels there is a night train to Vienna leaving at 1910 and taking approximately 14 hours; from Paris (Gare de l’Est) there are two trains to Vienna, one at 0749 and another at 1749, taking approximately 15 hours. For further information and reservations contact Eurostar (tel: (01233) 617 599 (travel agents) or (08705) 186 186 (public; within the UK) or (01233) 617 575 (public; outside the UK); web site: http://www.eurostar.com);or Rail Europe (tel: (08705) 848 848). Travel agents can obtain refunds for unused tickets from Eurostar Trade Refunds, 2nd Floor, Kent House, 81 Station Road, Ashford, Kent TN23 1PD. Complaints and comments may be sent to Eurostar Customer Relations, Eurostar House, Waterloo Station, London SE1 8SE. General enquiries and information requests must be made by telephone.

ROAD: There are numerous and excellent road links with all neighbouring countries. For information on traffic regulations and required documentation, see the Travel Internal section. Coach: Coaches run regularly to a large number of European destinations. Some tour operators offer package holidays to Austria by coach from the UK. A full list is available from the Austrian National Tourist Office (see address section).

The channel tunnel: Le Shuttle operates trains 24 hours per day through the channel tunnel between Folkestone in Kent (with direct access from the M20) and Calais in France. All vehicles from motorcycles to campers can be accommodated. Shuttles run every 75 minutes with three to four trains per hour at peak times. The journey takes approximately 35 minutes. For further information contact Eurotunnel Reservations (tel: (08705) 353 535). Car ferry: There are regular ferry services across the English Channel. The quickest and most practical route from London to Vienna is via the Dover-Ostend ferry (crossing time – 3 hours 30 minutes). The distance by road is approximately 1600km (1000 miles). It is one day’s drive in summer, but can take longer in winter. Munich is four to five hours from Vienna; Milan and Zurich are a good day’s drive.

RIVER: DDSG-Blue Danube Schiffahrt operates a passenger service on the Danube from Germany (Passau) to Vienna. For information and reservations, contact them at Friedrichstrasse 7, 1010 Vienna (tel: (1) 588 800; fax: (1) 5888 440; e-mail: info@ddsg-blue-danube.at; website: www.ddsg-blue-danube.at). The German operator Wurm und Köck offers both passenger services and cruises to Linz. Overnight cruise packages from Passau to Linz include hotel accommodation for only slightly more than the regular one-way passenger fare. Evening and music cruises are available in the summer. For further information, contact Wurm und Köck, Untere Donaulände, 4020 Linz (tel: (732) 783 607 or 771 090; fax: (732) 771 0909; e-mail: wurm-koeck@t-online.de). DDSG-Blue Danube Schiffahrt also operates a hydrofoil service from the Praterlande hydrofoil dock in Vienna to Hungary (Budapest) (travel time – 6 hours). Ardagger operates services between Linz and Germany (Krems) (tel: (7479) 64640; fax: (7479) 646 510; e-mail: dsa@pgv.at; website: www.tiscover.com/donauschiffahrt ). Brandner concentrates its services between Melk and Krems. For further information, contact Brandner at Ufer 50, 3313 Wallsee (tel: (7433) 25900; fax: (7433) 259 025; e-mail: schiffahrt@brandner.at; website: www.ms-austria.at).
A regular hydrofoil service also runs three times daily during the summer months from Vienna to the Slovak Republic (Bratislava) (travel time – 1.5 hours). International rail tickets are valid on Danube river boats. More information on the above services, and connections to Yugoslavia (Belgrade), Turkey (Istanbul) and Ukraine (Yalta), can be obtained from the ANTO (see address section).


Travel - Internal

AIR: Vienna is connected to Graz, Klagenfurt, Linz and Salzburg by Tyrolean Airways (VO). Rheintalfung (WE) also operates internal services. Charter: A number of companies offer chartering services for single- and twin-engined aircraft and executive jets.

RIVER/LAKE: A number of operators run cruises along the Danube, and from Switzerland (Bregenz) across Lake Constance. On some cruises, a passport is needed; they last from one to eight days depending on the itinerary. These services run between spring and autumn. Ferries: There are regular passenger boat services from mid-May to mid-September along the Danube and on Austria’s lakes. The Danube steamer services are run by DDSG Blue Danube Schiffahrt (tel: (1) 588 800) and private companies.

RAIL: Österreichische Bundesbahnen (ÖBB) (Austrian Federal Railways) runs an efficient internal service throughout Austria. There is a frequent intercity service from Vienna to Salzburg, Innsbruck, Graz and Klagenfurt, and regular motorrail services through the Tauern Tunnel. Information and booking can be obtained from railway stations or Austrian Federal Railways (see Travel – International for contact details). Local information can be obtained on (1) 1717. For bookings from the UK, contact Deutsche Bahn (German Rail) (tel: (0870) 243 5363); or Rail Europe (tel: (08705) 848 848). The most scenic routes are Innsbruck–Brenner, Innsbruck–Buchs, Innsbruck–Bruck an der Mur–Vienna, Innsbruck–Feldkirch–Innsbruck, Innsbruck– Garmisch– Zugspitze, Innsbruck–Salzburg–Innsbruck, Linz–Selzthal–Amstetten–Linz, Salzburg–Zell am See–Innsbruck, Salzburg– Gmunden–Stainach–Salzburg, Salzburg–Vienna, Salzburg–Villach– Salzburg, Vienna–Puchberg am Schneeberg– Hochschneeberg–Vienna, Vienna–Bruck an der Mur–Innsbruck, Vienna–Klagenfurt–Udine–Trieste. Railways have fixed charges for portering. Tickets can be obtained from any station ticket office (Reisebüro am Bahnhof) or from most Austrian travel agents. For further information consult Austrian National Tourist Office.

ROAD: Austria has an excellent network of roads. Traffic drives on the right. Free help is readily given by the Austrian Motoring Association (ÖAMTC) – for emergency breakdowns, dial 120. Tolls must be paid on all Austrian motorways. Tourists can purchase either 10-day or 2-monthly discs which are available at all major border crossings and at post offices. The weekly disc is valid for up to 10 days and costs ASch105 for cars up to 3.5 tons. The 2-monthly disc, valid for 2 consecutive calendar months costs ASch300 for cars below 3.5 tons. Heavy vehicles pay higher tariffs and motor cycles pay less. Seat belts must be worn and children under the age of 12 may not sit in the front seat unless a special child’s seat has been fitted. Both driver and passenger on a motorcycle must wear helmets, and the vehicle must have lights on at all times. Speed limits are 50kph (31mph) in built-up areas (the speed limit in Graz is 30kph), 100kph (62mph) outside built-up areas and 130kph (81mph) on motorways. Bus and coach services are run by federal and local authorities, as well as private companies. There are over 1800 services in operation. Some 70 international coach services travel to or through Austria and 22 routes with timetables and prices can be found in the Austrian bus guide which can be consulted via the Austrian National Tourist Office. For further information, contact Central Bus Information (tel: (1) 71101; fax: (1) 7110 73109; e-mail: kundenservice@postbus.at; website: www.postbus.at). Coach excursions and sightseeing tours run from most major cities. Car hire: There are car hire firms with offices in most cities, as well as at airports and major railway stations. Documentation: National driving licences issued by EU countries, Norway, Iceland and Liechtenstein are accepted, and enable holders to drive in Austria for up to one year. The minimum legal age for driving is 18. Car registration papers issued in the UK are also valid in Austria. A Green Card is compulsory.

URBAN: Vienna has an extensive system of metro, bus, light rail and tramway services. Most routes have a flat fare, and there are pre-purchase multi-journey tickets and passes. The Vienna Card costs ASch210 and entitles visitors to 72 hours of unlimited travel by underground, bus and tram. It also qualifies the holder to reductions at several museums and other tourist attractions in the city as well as shops, cafés and wine taverns. The card can be purchased at hotels or at Vienna Transport’s ticket offices. Those trams marked schaffnerlos on the outside of the carriage do not have conductors, but tickets can be bought from machines on board. Tickets are available from newspaper shops or tobacconists called Trafik. The classic way to travel round the capital is by horse-drawn carriage (Fiaker); fares should be agreed in advance. There are bus systems in all the other main towns, and also tramways in Linz, Innsbruck and Graz, and trolleybuses in Linz, Innsbruck and Salzburg.

JOURNEY TIMES: The following chart gives approximate journey times (in hours and minutes) from Vienna to other major cities/towns in Austria.

 

Climate

Austria enjoys a moderate continental climate: summers are warm and pleasant with cool nights, and winters are sunny, with snow levels high enough for widespread winter sports.
 

Contact Addresses

Location: Central Europe.

Österreich Werbung (Austrian National Tourist Office - ANTO)
Margaretenstrasse 1, 1040 Vienna, Austria
Tel: (1) 58866 (administration) or 587 2000 (information). Fax: (1) 588 6620 or 588 6648 (information).
E-mail: oeinfo@oewwien.via.at
Website: www.austria-tourism.at

Austrian Embassy
18 Belgrave Mews West, London SW1X 8HU
Tel: (020) 7235 3731. Fax: (020) 7344 0292.
E-mail: embassy@austria.org.uk
Website: www.austria.org.uk
Opening hours: Monday to Friday 0900-1200 (personal callers), 0900-1645 (telephone enquiries) and 0900-1200 (visa section).

British Embassy
Jaurèsgasse 12, 1030 Vienna, Austria
Tel: (1) 716 130. Fax: (1) 7161 36900 (commercial section). E-mail: britem@netway.at (commercial and press section). Website: www.britishembassy.at
Consular section: Jaurèsgasse 10, 1030 Vienna, Austria
Tel: (1) 7161 35151. Fax: (1) 7161 35900.

Embassy of the Republic of Austria
3524 International Court, NW, Washington, DC 20008
Tel: (202) 895 6700 or 895 6767 (consular section). Fax: (202) 895 6750 or 895 6773 (consular section). E-mail: obwascon@sysnet.net
Website: www.austria.org
Consulates General in: Chicago, Los Angeles and New York (tel: (212) 737 6400).
 

Embassy of the United States of America
Boltzmanngasse 16, 1090 Vienna, Austria
Tel: (1) 31339. Fax: (1) 310 0682. E-mail: usis@usia.co.at
Website: www.usembassy-vienna.at

US Consulate
4th Floor, Gartenbaupromenade 2, 1010 Vienna, Austria
Tel: (1) 31339. Fax: (1) 512 5835


Canadian Embassy
Laurenzerberg 2, 1010 Vienna, Austria
Tel: (1) 531 380. Fax: (1) 5313 83321 or 5313 83911 (visa section). E-mail: vienn@dfait-maeci.gc.ca
Website: www.kanada.at

Country dialling code: 43.